Measuring apparatus



G. E. ESCHER MEASURING APPARATUS Oct. 5 1926.

Filed May 9, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 anvmtoz Oct. 5, 1926.

G; E. ESCHER MEASURING APPARATUS 2 Sneets'Sheet 2 Filed May 9, 1922 awuemtoz Patented Oct. 5, 1926.

-. t lreijzs' PATENT OFFICE.

GUSTAV E. ESCHER, OF SUMMIT; NEW JERSEY.

MEASURING APPARATUS.

Application filed May 9.

This invention relates-to improvements in measuring apparatus and especially to apparatus for measuring a plurality of substances simultaneously in the same measure.

In the formation of concrete each mix is composed of stone, sand, cement and water mixed. in certain proportions. The greatest objection. to concrete as a building material is its variation in compressive strength due to the impossibility, in regular practice, of producing concrete in a succession of mixes with a reasonable approach to uniformity of strength. Among other things the strength depends upon the relative quantities of sand and water forming a portion of each mix.

As inpractice, the sandis never entirely dry, and its bulk varies with its unknown moisture content, it has heretofore been impossible to supply it in uniformly measured quantities and due to its variable unknown moisture content, the amount of water provided has also been variable. I now, therefore, propose to measure the sand by inundation, as set forth in my application Serial No. 536,803, filed February 15, 1922, whereby a substantially uniform measure of sand is provided for eachmix and since the moisture content of the thoroughly saturated sand is known, it is only necessary to add.

agent for'the measure to assure complete dis-;

charge of the sand.

For a full understanding of the invention, a detailed description of the invention. in its preferred form willnow be given in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and the features forming this invention then specifically pointed out. in the claims.

Referring'to the drawings? Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of the complete apparatus;

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of they measure, 2

Figure 3 is a section on line 3-3 of Figure 2, r

Figuret isavertical section of a modified form of thegpartition shown in Fig.2;

Figure 5' is aside elevation partly in sec 1922. Serial No. 559,633.

tion, of a complete apparatus, with another form of partition andbottom; and I Figure 6 is a horizontal section on the lin 66 of Figure 5.

-In the drawings, discharge pipe 10 of sand storagebin 11 is controlled by asleeve valve 12 operated by a suitably forked valve rod 13 pivoted on fulcrum arm- 1 1, secured tothe bin 11. The discharge from bin 11 is preferably distributed by a cone shaped spreader 15 supported by a T-shaped bracket 16 which may be hollow and connected to water supply pipe 17 for delivery of water to the measuring device under control of a hand valve 18. Spreader 15 may be hollow or, as shown in the drawings, the pipe bracket 16 may extend therethrough. Below the bin 11 are provided tracks 19 upon which the measure 20 is supported by wheels 21, journaled in frame 21 on which the measure 20 is pivotally mounted by trunnions 31 carried by brackets 22 secured to themeasure. The trunnions 31 are adjustable up and down on the brackets 22 in order to permit the axis through both trunnions to be brought approximately in line with the center of gravity of the measuring device, so'

that the latter may be tilted readily when dumping it. In the example shown the trunnions 31 are each bolted to the respective brackets by bolts 31 which pass through slots in the brackets.

which is divided by a partition 24: into a chamber A, preferably frustroconical in shape, for the measurement ofsand and a tubular chamber B for measuring water, the chambers A and B being connected in any suitable manner as by a plurality of ports 1 in partition 24, preferably arranged in an annular series adjacent the periphery of the partition 24; The ports 1 may be controlled by suitable means which may be included under the generic term separating means to permit the passage'of water and prohibit the passage of sand, as in this in stance, by a suitable screen and preferably a compound screen 2 which may be composed of a #40 mesh screen on either side thereof; Suitable means are provided for adjusting the size of the chambers A and B which ma conveniently be ofthe form shown, in whi-o i the lower portion of the casing 23 is formed by a plurality of removable casing sections 3, preferably of different sizes, whereby the capacity of chamber B may be satisfactorily regulated by the addition or removal of the requisite casing section. The partition 24E, as shown, is removably secured between two of the casing sections 3 and may be secured between any two of such sections for adjustability of chamber A. Chamber B is closed at its bottom by a suitable closure 4, preferably provided with means for breaking the vacuum within the measure 20 dur ing the emptying thereof. For this purpose the closure 4, in the present example, is provided with an opening closed by flanged pipe 5 extending into the chamber The inner end of the pipe 5 is suitably recessed to form a seat for a suitable valve, as, for example, the ball valve 6, the play of which may be limited by a suitably ported cap nut .7. 1

A suitable chute 25 for the mixer, not shown, is located beneath the end of the track 19 which is provided with the usual stop 26 for the wheels 21 of the measure 20. A measure-tilting lever 27 is secured thereto and the measure is held upright in any suitable way, as by a locking dog 28 coacting with a recessed plate 29 secured to the frame 21 and released by handle 30 when the measure is to be tilted.

The operation of the device is as follows: The hand valve 18 isopened to allow passage of water through T-bracket 16 and spreader 15 to chamber A of measure 20, from which it passes through screened ports 1 into chamber B. hen chamber B has been filled completely and chamber A to the requisite percentage of its capacity, which is not less than the percentage of the interstitial space in a given measure of sand, the valve 18 is closed and the sleeve valve 12 is raised by operation of lever 13 to allow the passage of sand from bin 11 to chamebr A, whereby the sand is inundated, thus assuring a uniform quantity of sand for each mix. The screen forming a part of the compound screen 2 is of sufficient fineness to prevent passage of sand to chamber B and because of its reinforcement by the screening is of sufiicient strength to support the sand thereon. As the chamber A fills, the water level will move upward therein and when it is completely filled with sand a certain quantity of the water will overflow, this quantity representing the amount of water carried by the sand prior to'it-s delivery to the chamber A as well as any excess originally filled into chamber A. In practice it is advisable to have some excess over the amount necessary to fill the voids in the sand, in order to be sure to have enough;

into mixing chamber chute 25 for deliver to the mixer. As the measure 20 is tilted ball valve 6 moves away from its seat in the pipe 5 establishing communication between the chamber B and the atmosphere, thus breaking the vacuum within the measure, and assuring discharge of the sand and water. The water in passing from the chamber B acts as a cleaning agent by washing the walls of the chamber-A and thus assures delivery of all the sand measured.

In the modification shown in Fig. 4 the partition 24 is shown as valved to prevent the passage of sand to chamber B.' For this purpose the partition 24: is provided with a beveled valve seat against which the beveled valve 8 seats. The valve 8 is guided by a plurality of guide rods 9 guided by spider a, secured to the partition 24, the opening move.- ment of the valve 8 being limited by heads 6 carried by guide rods 9. A rodv 0 is secured to the valve 8 and extends upward through the chamber A and preferably beyond the upper end of the measure 20. The valve is preferably provided with a rubber ring 8 forming the valve face, which bears against the seat when the valve is closed. To prevent the trapping of water behind the partition when the measuring device is dumped, the partition has its valve seat portion provided with some holes, as indicated at 24 The rod 0 is raised by hand or through suitable levers to open the valve 8 and allow water to pass to chamber B. When the desired quantity of water has been admitted to the measure 20, the valve 8 is seated, through operation of the rod 0, to prevent passage of sand to the chamber B and the sand admitted. When the measure 20 .is tipped for discharge, the beveled valve and its seat form an efiicient nozzle directing the water in chamber B against the sides of the casing 23 for a thorough cleaning out of the sand.

In Figs. 5 and 6, a modified construction of the lower end of the measuring device is shown. In this construction the lower end is a single cylinder, while the partition and the bottom are arranged to be adjusted up or down in the cylinder, as may be desired. While this may be done in various ways, in the example shown the partition is con structed with a rim 35 which is channel-like in crosssection, and within this channel is located a divided ring 36, on the periphery of which is mounted a packingring 38-preferably of elastic material, which may project slightly beyond the channel of the rim 35 to contact with the inner wall of the cylinder. Set screws 37 are provided in the vertical wall of the channel to force the ring segments radially outward, thereby forcing the packing ring in tight contact with the inner wall of the cylinder. By loosening these set-screws, the partition may be adjusted up or down in the cylinder to determine the capacity of the chamber A. The bottom is similarly provided with channel rim, segmental ring, packing ring and set screws. By adjusting it up or down the capacity of the chamber B may be adjusted.

It will be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the specific construction or details shown, as many modifications may be made within the invention as defined by the claims.

/ hat I claim is:

1. A measure for measuring water and sand comprising a casing, a partition dividing the casing into two chambers, means for preventing sand passing into one chamber while providing a passage for Water thereinto, and means for adjusting the capacity of both chambers comprising a plurality of removable casing sections, the said partition being secured between two of the removable casing sections.

2. A measure for measuring water and sand comprising a casing, a partition dividing the casing into two chambers, a port in the partition connecting the chambers and separating means controlling the port to allow water to pass to both chambers and sand to only one of the chambers.

3. A measure for measuring water and sand, comprising a casing, a partition dividing the casing into two chambers, and having a plurality of ports, and a screen device con trolling each port to allow water to pass to both chambers and sand to one, only, of the chambers.

4. A measure for measuring water and sand comprising a casing, a partition dividing the casing into two chambers, a plurality of ports in the partition connecting the chambers, and a compound screen controlling each port to allow water to pass to both chambers and sand to only one of the chambers.

5. A measure for measuring water and sand comprising a casing, a partition dividing the easing into an upper and a lower ch amber, a plurality of ports in the partition connecting the chambers and a compound screen controlling each port to allow water to pass to both chambers and sand only to the upper chamber, the ports being arranged in an annular series near the periphery of the partition to direct the water in the lower chamber against the walls of the upper chamber on tilting of the measure.

6. A measure for measuring water and sand comprising a casing, a' partition dividing the casing into two chambers, means for preventing sand passing into one chamber while providing a passage for water thereinto, and means for adjusting the capacity of both chambers comprising a plurality of different sized removable casing sections.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

GUSTAV E. ESCHER. 

